Stocks STILL 30% OVERVALUED even with the 512 point drop

This is NOT for the weak of heart, it is for the pragmatist who will evaluate more dispassionately then those who invest on hope.

The DOW dropped 512 this past Thursday.

And that’s on top of the several hundred points it dropped last week.

The S&P 500, a broader market measure, is now down more than 12% off its recent peak.

So what does that mean?

Is it a “buying opportunity”?

Over the short-term, who knows? If this carnage keeps up, a panicked Ben Bernanke will probably rush to announce some huge new quantitative easing program. Or Congress will quickly rethink its recent commitment to “austerity” and announce trillions of new spending. And those initiatives might boost stocks for a while.

The bigger picture, however, is less encouraging. Even after the recent plunge, stocks are still about 30% overvalued when measured on “normalized” earnings–which is one of the only valuation measures that works.

Specifically, even after the crash, stocks are still trading at 21X cyclically adjusted earnings, as we can see in the following chart from Professor Robert Shiller from Yale. Over the past century, stocks have averaged about 16X those earnings. So we’re still about 30% above “normal.”

In recent months, eager to suggest that stocks are “cheap,” most analysts have talked about the market P/E ratio relative to next year’s projected earnings. And relative to those earnings, stocks do seem modestly “cheap” (12X, or something).

Unfortunately, measuring stock values against next year’s projected earnings has a couple of flaws. First, no one knows whether those projections will materialize. Second, and more important, those projected earnings assume that today’s near-record-high profit margins will persist.

Over history, corporate profit margins have been one of the most reliably “mean-reverting” metrics in the economy. When margins get extended to super-high (today) or super low (2009) levels, they generally revert toward the mean. This radically changes the PE ratio.

And measured on average profit margins, not today’s super-high margins, the stock market is still expensive.

Sadly, this doesn’t tell you anything about what the market will do next.

What this PE ratio does tell you is that stocks still have lots of room to fall–30%, just to get back to normal, much more than 30% if they “overshoot.”

And it also tells you that long-term returns are still likely to be sub-par.

Through history, one of the most reliable predictors of next-10-year returns is the valuation level at the beginning of the period. Today’s valuation level is not as high as yesterday’s. But it’s still higher than average.

fundamentals?

Prices and earnings.

Stocks appear reasonably priced when measured against this year’s expected earnings, but this year’s expected earnings aren’t normal earnings. They’re earnings inflated to near-record high profit margins.

In the past, whenever we’ve had unusually high profit margins, we’ve eventually returned to normal profit margins (and below). This mean-reversion has hammered earnings growth–and, with it, the stock market.

Is that absolutely for certain going to happen this time?

Of course not. Nothing’s ever certain.

But the only reason it won’t happen this time is if “it’s different this time.”

Those of you who have had the misfortune to live through the last three stock-market crashes–and any of the stock-market crashes before that–know why “it’s different this time” are described as the “four most expensive words in the English language.”

Now, bulls will argue vociferously (in a variety of ways) that it IS different this time. And you should always be happy to listen to those arguments. But given that, with respect to profit margins, it has NEVER been different this time, you should view all such arguments with serious skepticism.

Importantly, of course, profit margins and price-earnings ratios tell us NOTHING about what the stock market will do this week, this month, this year, or even next year. They’re just not good short-term market indicators.

What profit margins and price-earnings ratios have told us in the past, however, is what the stock market’s long-term returns are likely to be. And today’s combination of near-record high profit margins, combined with high P/E multiples (on normalized earnings), suggest that long-term stock returns are likely to be lousy.

Does that mean you just just dump all your stocks tomorrow? No.

Doing anything to an extreme with respect to portfolio management is almost always a recipe for disaster, especially when you’re managing your own money (as opposed to someone else’s money, which is what most money managers manage).

And in the current environment, when a decade or more of high inflation seems a distinct possibility, the last thing you want to do is get caught holding only cash or bonds.

So, as ever, you should maintain a diversified portfolio of multiple asset classes, including stocks, bonds, cash, and real-estate. If the stock portion of that portfolio has inflated massively in the past two years, however, you might want to consider rebalancing.

And, for planning purposes, you shouldn’t expect the stock market to deliver anything close to its long-term average return of 10% a year.

Note that only 5 times in the past 60 years have corporate profit margins approached the levels they’re at today. And note what happened each time thereafter. (They regressed to–or below–the mean.)

When corporate profit margins are expanding, profits grow faster than revenue, and stock multiples usually expand (stocks track profits over the long haul).

When corporate profit margins are shrinking, profits grow more slowly than revenue, and stock multiples usually contract.

there is always a possibility that we’re in a “new normal” in which profit margins will keep expanding for years, if not forever. (Well, okay, not forever. Even the biggest bull would be forced to agree that, at some point, profit margins have to stop expanding, or profits will get bigger than revenue.)

Based on the history of the past 60 years, however, this seems unlikely. At several points in the past 60 years, it looked like profit margins had hit a new normal, only to see them collapse to the mean. And the odds are that the same thing will happen this time.

What could bring profit margins down?

Any of a number of things:

• Increasing commodity prices, which companies might not be able to pass through to end users

• Higher taxes, as federal and local governments try to balance their budgets

• Higher labor costs, as weak-dollar policies raise the cost of foreign manufacturing

• Deflation, as companies are forced to compete by cutting prices because consumer demand remains weak

• Recession. No one’s talking about a double-dip now, but that doesn’t mean we won’t eventually get one. And have a look at what corporate profit margins have done in past recessions.

If corporate profit margins stay at today’s high level for the next several years, the only way the stock market will deliver strong returns is if the market’s P/E ratio continues to expand. Again, it’s possible that the PE ratio will do this, but very unlikely.

It’s also  possible that the market’s PE will stay elevated (or get even more elevated).  But it’s more likely that the PE ratio will also regress to the mean.

In today’s market, in other words, we have both extremely high profit margins and abnormally high PE ratios. In all previous history, both measures have tended to regress to–and beyond–the mean.

2009 Economic Predictions by Craig Eisele

2009 Economic projections by Craig Eisele

Note: the following is MY opinion and how I see the economy… it should not be considered investment advice or factual as to the actual performance of the US and Global Economies in 2009.

If you do not want to hear bad news I strongly suggest you stop reading at this point and read a good fiction book….or watch Kudlow on CNBC who is more of a cheerleader then as realist…. Although a caution as to the rest of the CNBC team as they seem to realize more the current economic realities.

One of the greatest threats we face is Deflation during this recession… WHY?? Because the economic definition of a DEPRESSION is Recession accompanied by Deflation… BUT do not expect the government to say we are in a Depression until it is either over or is so evident that denying it would be fruitless. The government is afraid to start any panic as to the true severity of this crisis we are in and as such will try to protect the citizens as long as possible from the hard realities.

Before this economic crises is over I believe that we will see history actually show that we have or will have had entered into a Depression…. The only question is: for how long.

In the United States approximately 70 percent of our economy is based upon Consumer spending…  as such Particular attention will be paid to that segment of the economy.

Estimates so far are that at least 70,000 retail locations are expected to close in 2009. Personally I see that number even higher and expect over 100,000. Thus higher unemployment will occur.

Personal savings rate will continue to be negative throughout the year with rare occurrence of it turning positive.

Over all the consumer is being hit with rising prices from the Summer 08 Oil Prices and those prices have not come down in tandem with Oil. Corporations are struggling to meet cash flow needs and turn profits for their shareholders and as such are reluctant to lower prices.

Credit will not loosen very much in 2009… Credit card companies will continue to reduce credit limits (2 Trillion dollars so far) and will raise interest rates on balances even for the slightest blemish or down grading of your credit. Keeping your credit cards in the back of a drawer and NOT canceling them is advisable.

Expect Congress to address these issues in Credit Card operations and policies in 2009 in an attempt to protect consumers a bit better… but high expectations for relief should be discouraged because of the powerful lobbying teams of Banks and other financial institutions. Result Consumers will and should pay down more of their debt and spend less thus creating Consumer slow down in spending in 2009.

Oil Prices will NOT stay low for long. Oil Producing Countries need the revenue for their own countries economies…. Demand may be down globally but the minimum necessary price is 45 dollars a barrel while countries like Venezuela, Iran, Russia etc require upwards of 70 dollars a barrel to keep their domestic programs going and to maintain their economies. Expect Oil close to or above 100 dollars a barrel by the end of 2009 based upon the needs of the Oil Producing Countries.

Job Loss and fear of Job Loss with hamper Consumer Spending even farther. This includes areas like housing and Auto sales as well.

Credit availability for Housing will be tight for many years to come. Impeccable credit and a hefty down payment  of 20 percent or more,will be required as it was over a decade ago. The result will be a continuing deflation in Housing prices and no bottom expected until mid 2010. These expectations of losing money on a new home purchase will also keep many buyers on the sidelines.

Credit will also suffer because of continued required write-downs by Mortgage holders and those holding the Mortgage backed securities. Expect the Foreclosure rate to keep high thus flooding the market with additional homes. This credit problem will be further exacerbated by rises in Commercial Mortgage defaults. Particularly in Retail Commercial properties.

The measure of companies with retail locations in terms of profitability will be changed. MOST leases no Commercial Property like retail are triple net… meaning that the tenants are responsible to paying a pro rated share based upon occupancy of leased space for Utilities, Taxes and maintenance. The additional burden placed upon them buy the loss of other retailers coupled by decreasing sales will cause more stores to close. Currently the VACANCY rate in retail locations is at 8.2%. That will continue to rise throughout 2009.

Commercial Mortgages are often done with long amortization rates meaning 10 to 30 years mortgage payment rates, with a balloon payment (the full balance of the Loan) due after 5 years. As properties increased in value and occupancy rates were high and credit was readily available this was not a concern. Today, however, those criteria for refinancing can no longer be met by most mall operators or owners of other retail properties. Even the Commercial office space Market will be effected.

Loss of retail also usually has a negative effect in Commercial Office space… and even the A class properties are now feeing the potential problems growing. Expect an increase in “services” oriented companies across the USA and several hundred thousand jobs lost as a result, many of which do not and will not qualify for unemployment compensation to help them.

The stock markets will continue to act in a volatile and irrational way. Over reaction to perceived good news and bad news will move the market in triple digits and randomly. If you are brave and can wait 10 years or more for profits then now is the time to buy select companies that may recover faster as the economy bottoms and flattens in 2010.

Federal funds rate will not be increased for the first half of 2009, but may have a slight increase of 0.25 to0.50 in the second half of 2009 and into 2010 as the dollar weakens and the need to strengthen the dollar increases.

The need to have safety for cash will continue to hold the Treasury Bonds yield down to hover at or near zero as banks are not considered safe enough and consumers are fearful.

Bank Write offs will continue and the biggest shocks to the market will be in Commercial backed mortgages as well as increased Credit Card default rate as climbing interest rates and lack of credit availability will force consumers into decisions that will not factor most creditors.

Housing prices will continue to decline throughout 2009. Lack of demand and increased inventories by those underwater on their mortgages and those foreclosed upon homes, and the lack of credit and the return to the requirements of old with 20 percent or more down and verifiable rations of income to mortgage payments as well as HIGH credit scores… all combined will be a continued drag in the housing market and will even affect places like New York City on 2009 through at least the first half of 1020.

Retirees will delay their retirement and the “equity” they thought they had in their homes and the devastation to their retirement funds will be so bad as to force more people to work longer and will contribute to the lack of available jobs for younger people.

Unemployment will rise to double digits…. Most likely to around 11 percent official and 17 percent unofficial Unemployed people will number more than 18 million people.  Currently the Unemployment are has gone over 7.2%. I expect that before we flatten out that number will grow to close to 11 percent. Currently the number of those unemployed is over 6 million…. but those numbers a skewed to those who qualified for unemployment and or are seeking employment actively.  The REAL number of unemployed is substantially higher if the number of those underemployed, working only part time, or who have given up looking for work are included. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) rose to 2.6 million in December and was up by 1.3 million in 2008.

Bankruptcies will hit all time highs both for individuals and Businesses.

The Auto Industry: This is the hardest to predict in some ways. BUT… Knowing that credit is hard to get to purchase an automobile, and that demand is down because individual consumers are feeling the economic pinch and are concerned about their declining home and retirement values, and compounded by job uncertainty will make any recover of the Auto Industry in general almost impossible in 2009. While most of us abhor the idea that the “Big Three” in Detroit may declare bankruptcy. I see no choice especially given the legacy costs of pensions and health care that hurts their price competitiveness. Premium prices for things like the Chevy VOLT or other fuel-efficient cars will not me tolerated by a price sensitive consumer market in these economic times. Therefore the demand that Auto Makes produce these cars, while admirable, is not productive to the automotive industry recovery at this time.

The result of the above will be continued declines and flattening of the Auto sales, which of course, contributes considerably to the GDP of the United States. A downward spiral that cannot be stopped without bankruptcy to protect those companies and jobs till the economy flattens out and hopefully and gradually raises enough to spur more automobile sales.  Bottom line…. expect one or more of the Detroit 3 to declare bankruptcy in 2009.

GDP Contraction 5 % or more: I hope this is self evident given what I have already written…. the ONLY way this will not happen in 2009 is if we devalue our dollar by printing more money…. but that results in hyper inflation and higher prices which would artificially make our GDP that much higher.

Federal budget deficit of 1 trillion and growing to possibly 2 TRILLION as the need for spending like the years of Roosevelt in the New Deal Era increases and as the concession to business for tax rates being the same or even lower taxes are made and the revenue for the US Government continues to decline from Lower profit, less payroll tax income and growing social programs to assist the impoverished. The NATIONAL DEBT will run higher than 12 trillion dollars UNLESS the government prints more money…. but that will further weaken the value of the US dollar. A delicate trade off that has to be dealt with in 2009.

LOWER corporate taxes and/or Capital Gains in a declining economy will NOT spur employment or Investment in Pant or equipment. The only people who will possibly benefit are those who own stocks in those companies. And even then the benefits will be minimal. Worse the Down side is lower revenue for the government in a time when spending must be increased to spur economic recovery.

Globally expect more instability in under-developed countries. Poverty, starvation and generally declining conditions in these countries will give rise to radical idealists who will create chaos and instability in those countries. Antagonistic behavior towards those industrialized countries that are seen as culprits in this economic crisis will be the most villianized. Terrorism abroad will increase in response to the frustration and need to blame someone increases.

Currency fluctuations will be as common as weather changes during 2009. 30-day moves can exceed 15 percent and daily moves may be as much as 5 percent. Thus this will make international business more volatile and difficult to conduct.

Parity with Euro and British Pound is possible given the currency fluctuation at this time only a 10 percent difference exists between the 2 currencies. Briton will continue to decline as the full effects of their new economy that was built on the financial sector and debt continues to play out.  France and Germany have yet to feel the real impact of what is happening globally and as such have been the prop to the Euro over the last year. The EU’s efforts to prop up Eastern European Counties with bailouts will have little effect on the full impact of the global recession. Ultimately the Euro will have to decline in value.

Weaken of the dollar … then strengthen and weakening. The Japanese Yen, the Euro, and the British Pound with fluctuate so much that any stability for the dollar will have to come from the USA itself. However that appears unlikely until the USA takes drastic steps to stem the bleeding and ultimately devalues the dollar.

EU predictions Italy and possibly Spain: I expect al least Italy to go back to the Lira and to try an peg the Lira to the Euro to allow it to re-enter the EU Euro denomination Currency in a few years. This will be necessary as the Italian economy and the EU regulations are in conflict and Italy cannot meet the EU demands for economic reform to satisfy the EU regulations. Spain faces the same situation.

France and German Social programs will be the downfall of these economies. With a global recession and decline in local economies the demand for these generous programs will go to an all time high and will send them into a deeper recession as they struggle to balance budgets and stem spending.

China will see continued decline in growth based upon the global economy. It is unclear if their domestic consumption can make up for the downturn. It may now feel the effect of the lack of a substantial Middle class and sustainable consumer base

India is just now feeling the effects, and as global outsourcing to India shrinks, and the allegations that the financial accounting is being doctored by some to keep showing profits surface. The “middle class” is mostly dependent on the global outsourcing in areas of IT and calling centers, which are declining rapidly. India will experience a recession that is severe and has potentially serious consequences on its economic stability.

It seems inevitable that the United States Government will be forced in 2009 or early 2010 to print more Dollars, to buy its own debt and to pay for spending programs as debt is not being bought by most companies or countries or even individuals. Hence a devaluation of the dollar… expect Euro and Pound to follow and a period of hyper inflation accompanied by higher interest rates when that happens.

I was reluctant to write this piece as I hoed to see more indications that things would improve…. However, that has not happened and the result is a significant delay in my predictions.

I hope I am just a pessimist.. however at this time I think I am more of a realist in how things are at this point in time. Things CAN change.. and my predictions can be totally wrong. But for that to happen requires political will and individual determination….And I see no signs of that at this time.

Regardless of whether you agree or disagree with my assessments made her.. YOU must decide for your self what you need to do if this scenario does take place… or if it does not. These are things the way I see them and should NOT be taken as factual or advice to anyone.

Craig Eisele

2009 Economic projections by Craig Eisele

Note: the following is MY opinion and how I see the economy… it should not be considered investment advice or factual as to the actual performance of the US and Global Economies in 2009.

If you do not want to hear bad news I strongly suggest you stop reading at this point and read a good fiction book….or watch Kudlow on CNBC who is more of a cheerleader then as realist…. Although a caution as to the rest of the CNBC team as they seem to realize more the current economic realities.

One of the greatest threats we face is Deflation during this recession… WHY?? Because the economic definition of a DEPRESSION is Recession accompanied by Deflation… BUT do not expect the government to say we are in a Depression until it is either over or is so evident that denying it would be fruitless. The government is afraid to start any panic as to the true severity of this crisis we are in and as such will try to protect the citizens as long as possible from the hard realities.

Before this economic crises is over I believe that we will see history actually show that we have or will have had entered into a Depression…. The only question is: for how long.

In the United States approximately 70 percent of our economy is based upon Consumer spending…  as such Particular attention will be paid to that segment of the economy.

Estimates so far are that at least 70,000 retail locations are expected to close in 2009. Personally I see that number even higher and expect over 100,000. Thus higher unemployment will occur.

Personal savings rate will continue to be negative throughout the year with rare occurrence of it turning positive.

Over all the consumer is being hit with rising prices from the Summer 08 Oil Prices and those prices have not come down in tandem with Oil. Corporations are struggling to meet cash flow needs and turn profits for their shareholders and as such are reluctant to lower prices.

Credit will not loosen very much in 2009… Credit card companies will continue to reduce credit limits (2 Trillion dollars so far) and will raise interest rates on balances even for the slightest blemish or down grading of your credit. Keeping your credit cards in the back of a drawer and NOT canceling them is advisable.

Expect Congress to address these issues in Credit Card operations and policies in 2009 in an attempt to protect consumers a bit better… but high expectations for relief should be discouraged because of the powerful lobbying teams of Banks and other financial institutions. Result Consumers will and should pay down more of their debt and spend less thus creating Consumer slow down in spending in 2009.

Oil Prices will NOT stay low for long. Oil Producing Countries need the revenue for their own countries economies…. Demand may be down globally but the minimum necessary price is 45 dollars a barrel while countries like Venezuela, Iran, Russia etc require upwards of 70 dollars a barrel to keep their domestic programs going and to maintain their economies. Expect Oil close to or above 100 dollars a barrel by the end of 2009 based upon the needs of the Oil Producing Countries.

Job Loss and fear of Job Loss with hamper Consumer Spending even farther. This includes areas like housing and Auto sales as well

Credit availability for Housing will be tight for many years to come. Impeccable credit and a hefty down payment opf 20% or more, will be required as it was over a decade ago. The result will be a continuing deflation in Housing prices and no bottom expected until mid 2010. These expectations of losing money on a new home purchase will also keep many buyers on the sidelines.

Credit will also suffer because of continued required write-downs by Mortgage holders and those holding the Mortgage backed securities. Expect the Foreclosure rate to keep high thus flooding the market with additional homes. This credit problem will be further exacerbated by rises in Commercial Mortgage defaults. Particularly in Retail Commercial properties.

The measure of companies with retail locations in terms of profitability will be changed. MOST leases no Commercial Property like retail are triple net… meaning that the tenants are responsible to paying a pro rated share based upon occupancy of leased space for Utilities, Taxes and maintenance. The additional burden placed upon them buy the loss of other retailers coupled by decreasing sales will cause more stores to close. Currently the VACANCY rate in retail locations is at 8.2%. That will continue to rise throughout 2009.

Commercial Mortgages are often done with long amortization rates meaning 10 to 30 years mortgage payment rates, with a balloon payment (the full balance of the Loan) due after 5 years. As properties increased in value and occupancy rates were high and credit was readily available this was not a concern. Today, however, those criteria for refinancing can no longer be met by most mall operators or owners of other retail properties. Even the Commercial office space Market will be effected.

Loss of retail also usually has a negative effect in Commercial Office space… and even the A class properties are now feeing the potential problems growing. Expect an increase in “services” oriented companies across the USA and several hundred thousand jobs lost as a result, many of which do not and will not qualify for unemployment compensation to help them.

The stock markets will continue to act in a volatile and irrational way. Over reaction to perceived good news and bad news will move the market in triple digits and randomly. If you are brave and can wait 10 years or more for profits then now is the time to buy select companies that may recover faster as the economy bottoms and flattens in 2010.

Federal funds rate will not be increased for the first half of 2009, but may have a slight increase of 0.25 to 0.50 in the second half of 2009 and into 2010 as the dollar weakens and the need to strengthen the dollar increases.

The need to have safety for cash will continue to hold the Treasury Bonds yield down to hover at or near zero as banks are not considered safe enough and consumers are fearful.

Bank Write offs will continue and the biggest shocks to the market will be in Commercial backed mortgages as well as increased Credit Card default rate as climbing interest rates and lack of credit availability will force consumers into decisions that will not factor most creditors.

Housing prices will continue to decline throughout 2009. Lack of demand and increased inventories by those underwater on their mortgages and those foreclosed upon homes, and the lack of credit and the return to the requirements of old with 20 percent or more down and verifiable rations of income to mortgage payments as well as HIGH credit scores… all combined will be a continued drag in the housing market and will even affect places like New York City on 2009 through at least the first half of 1020.

Retirees will delay their retirement and the “equity” they thought they had in their homes and the devastation to their retirement funds will be so bad as to force more people to work longer and will contribute to the lack of available jobs for younger people.

Unemployment will rise to double digits…. Most likely to around 11 percent official and 17 percent unofficial Unemployed people will number more than 18 million people.  Currently the Unemployment are has gone over 7.2%. I expect that before we flatten out that number will grow to close to 11 percent. Currently the number of those unemployed is over 6 million…. but those numbers a skewed to those who qualified for unemployment and or are seeking employment actively.  The REAL number of unemployed is substantially higher if the number of those underemployed, working only part time, or who have given up looking for work are included. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) rose to 2.6 million in December and was up by 1.3 million in 2008.

Bankruptcies will hit all time highs both for individuals and Businesses.

The Auto Industry: This is the hardest to predict in some ways. BUT… Knowing that credit is hard to get to purchase an automobile, and that demand is down because individual consumers are feeling the economic pinch and are concerned about their declining home and retirement values, and compounded by job uncertainty will make any recover of the Auto Industry in general almost impossible in 2009. While most of us abhor the idea that the “Big Three” in Detroit may declare bankruptcy. I see no choice especially given the legacy costs of pensions and health care that hurts their price competitiveness. Premium prices for things like the Chevy VOLT or other fuel-efficient cars will not me tolerated by a price sensitive consumer market in these economic times. Therefore the demand that Auto Makes produce these cars, while admirable, is not productive to the automotive industry recovery at this time.

The result of the above will be continued declines and flattening of the Auto sales, which of course, contributes considerably to the GDP of the United States. A downward spiral that cannot be stopped without bankruptcy to protect those companies and jobs till the economy flattens out and hopefully and gradually raises enough to spur more automobile sales.  Bottom line…. expect one or more of the Detroit 3 to declare bankruptcy in 2009.

GDP Contraction 5 % or more: I hope this is self evident given what I have already written…. the ONLY way this will not happen in 2009 is if we devalue our dollar by printing more money…. but that results in hyper inflation and higher prices which would artificially make our GDP that much higher.

Federal budget deficit of 1 trillion and growing to possibly 2 TRILLION as the need for spending like the years of Roosevelt in the New Deal Era increases and as the concession to business for tax rates being the same or even lower taxes are made and the revenue for the US Government continues to decline from Lower profit, less payroll tax income and growing social programs to assist the impoverished. The NATIONAL DEBT will run higher than 12 trillion dollars UNLESS the government prints more money…. but that will further weaken the value of the US dollar. A delicate trade off that has to be dealt with in 2009.

LOWER corporate taxes and/or Capital Gains in a declining economy will NOT spur employment or Investment in Pant or equipment. The only people who will possibly benefit are those who own stocks in those companies. And even then the benefits will be minimal. Worse the Down side is lower revenue for the government in a time when spending must be increased to spur economic recovery.

Globally expect more instability in under-developed countries. Poverty, starvation and generally declining conditions in these countries will give rise to radical idealists who will create chaos and instability in those countries. Antagonistic behavior towards those industrialized countries that are seen as culprits in this economic crisis will be the most villianized. Terrorism abroad will increase in response to the frustration and need to blame someone increases.

Currency fluctuations will be as common as weather changes during 2009. 30-day moves can exceed 15 percent and daily moves may be as much as 5 percent. Thus this will make international business more volatile and difficult to conduct.

Parity with Euro and British Pound is possible given the currency fluctuation at this time only a 10 percent difference exists between the 2 currencies. Briton will continue to decline as the full effects of their new economy that was built on the financial sector and debt continues to play out.  France and Germany have yet to feel the real impact of what is happening globally and as such have been the prop to the Euro over the last year. The EU’s efforts to prop up Eastern European Counties with bailouts will have little effect on the full impact of the global recession. Ultimately the Euro will have to decline in value.

Weaken of the dollar … then strengthen and weakening. The Japanese Yen, the Euro, and the British Pound with fluctuate so much that any stability for the dollar will have to come from the USA itself. However that appears unlikely until the USA takes drastic steps to stem the bleeding and ultimately devalues the dollar.

EU predictions Italy and possibly Spain: I expect al least Italy to go back to the Lira and to try an peg the Lira to the Euro to allow it to re-enter the EU Euro denomination Currency in a few years. This will be necessary as the Italian economy and the EU regulations are in conflict and Italy cannot meet the EU demands for economic reform to satisfy the EU regulations. Spain faces the same situation.

France and German Social programs will be the downfall of these economies. With a global recession and decline in local economies the demand for these generous programs will go to an all time high and will send them into a deeper recession as they struggle to balance budgets and stem spending.

China will see continued decline in growth based upon the global economy. It is unclear if their domestic consumption can make up for the downturn. It may now feel the effect of the lack of a substantial Middle class and sustainable consumer base

India is just now feeling the effects, and as global outsourcing to India shrinks, and the allegations that the financial accounting is being doctored by some to keep showing profits surface. The “middle class” is mostly dependent on the global outsourcing in areas of IT and calling centers, which are declining rapidly. India will experience a recession that is severe and has potentially serious consequences on its economic stability.

It seems inevitable that the United States Government will be forced in 2009 or early 2010 to print more Dollars, to buy its own debt and to pay for spending programs as debt is not being bought by most companies or countries or even individuals. Hence a devaluation of the dollar… expect Euro and Pound to follow and a period of hyper inflation accompanied by higher interest rates when that happens.

I was reluctant to write this piece as I hoed to see more indications that things would improve…. However, that has not happened and the result is a significant delay in my predictions.

I hope I am just a pessimist.. however at this time I think I am more of a realist in how things are at this point in time. Things CAN change.. and my predictions can be totally wrong. But for that to happen requires political will and individual determination….And I see no signs of that at this time.

Regardless of whether you agree or disagree with my assessments made her.. YOU must decide for your self what you need to do if this scenario does take place… or if it does not. These are things the way I see them and should NOT be taken as factual or advice to anyone.

Craig Eisele

7500 DOW Possible??

The simple answer is YES!!!

I know I wrote in December 2007 that I expected a 9,000 DOW and believed that an 8,000 Dow is where I said it should be… but 7,500 is panic and that is what I am seeing around the world… people are afraid… plain and simple.

DO NOT sell you 401K or other funds now… it is far too late for you to do that… your best bet is to hold on and try to read and watch something other than economic news… at least until AFTER the election.

I am working on my economic predictions for the rest of 2008 and 2009… and in some cases even into 2010. I should release that November 5 or 6, AFTER the Elections… there is nothing good in store… except that we will know more about where our Government is taking us… and at least THAT will restore some stability to the financial markets in the USA and give a good indication of the future of the economic health of the Country.

You will see great swings in the market… mostly down for now… but you will get high upswings as well… do not take any of these seriously at this point… we really are at about the right pricing given the full economic data….

Additionally you will see a more bad economic news and then a few good pieces… but overall it is glum out there… so stop reading things like this and others and concentrate on what is important to you.. your life and your family… the rest will settle out soon… just not as soon as you would like.

Craig

NOTE:  This is MY OPINION. I make no assurances of this actually being the way the market will go. You should do your own research and make your own informed decisions!!!

Craig’s Diatribe on the USA and Global Economy (# 2)

June 6, 2008

This blog entry (number 2 in a series) is to try and express my viewpoints on the current state of the USA Economy, my predictions for the future and how we are no longer a localized economy but now are part of a GLOBAL economy.

Where are we NOW? Commodity Prices:

Before I go into the Global Economy for Commodities and Fuel/power Prices I need to say that a LOT (maybe as much as one third in some cases) of the increase of Costs is from the weak dollar … as such, most of this post is dedicated to the supply and demand issues of the global econony.

The has been great interest in Oil prices… as well as there should be… I talked about Oil being in our everyday life before… as a commodity…. But I need to address some misconceptions about what the general public believes about the Price of Oil today.

First: OIL IS A COMMODITY… that means the prices are subject to supply and demand…. There is NO QUESTION that China and India play a significant role in the new use of oil… as a fuel and as a commodity for other applications…. This is a result of the rest of the world using those countries for lower prices thus bring in more Currency (Money) into those countries and lifting them out of the poverty (and to satisfy our own greed for more at lower prices and greater profits) that we saw them suffering from… now that we have awoken the sleeping giant, so to speak, there is no putting them back to sleep. They will continue to demand oil and other commodities at an ever increasing rate of consumption.

We have been duped into believing that “Speculators” are to blame for higher prices… if South West Airlines is a speculator then you are right… but the reality is that it is GLOBAL DEMAND that pays these exorbitant prices we are seeing… and as I said before… there is NO GOING BACK.

IF we produce more oil it will only keep up with the demand worldwide. While it may make us less dependent on oil for our own needs the prices we will pay in the USA will be based upon WORLD PRICES… not our domestic (USA) production. To believe otherwise is just foolish. Additionally, currently we are importing only about 30 percent of our domestic needs.

We are not entitled to lower fuel prices… it is what it is and we will not sell for less than the world price unless we become a socialist society and subsidize our oil… and that will never happen… or at least I hope we will never become a socialist country. Our sense of entitlement is what is causing a great many problems for us in this country today… and it needs to be put into proper perspective.

Many Americans want to know why China or India Consumption of oil is hurting us here… it is simply business…. I business you do not want to hear about but at least need to understand….The companies that drill for oil are not federal Government Oil Companies… they are in the business to make money… the basic model of Business is that thing called supply and demand… Because I drill and pump crude oil in the USA does not mean that I am obligated by any law to sell it in the USA… as a businessman when I get something out of the ground I can sell it to the highest bidder…. If the USA does not want my product but someone in another country wants it… then I am entitles to sell it to any country (with few exception) I want to … THAT IS BUSINESS. To expect that I should sell it to you at any cheaper price is unreasonable… and bad business… and since these companies that do pump crude oil have other people who own stock (real ownership) of their companies… then they have a legal (fiduciary) obligation to maximize profits for their owners… remember again… we are NOT a socialist Country. Additionally to punish me for selling at the market price with a windfall profits tax is unreasonable… you may not like my profits… but they are legitimate and are mine… additionally I will increase prices to compensate for the “surcharge” tax on my profits.

If we really want Oil Companies to become energy companies then we need to develop incentives to foster the Oil Companies to become “Energy Companies” release in the Fall of 2008….

As I said you did not want to hear that… but those are the basic facts of life today, as we know them! Painful is it not?? Yet this has been the standard model of capitalism for hundreds of years and is not going to change anytime soon.

The same is true of cheap food and household energy use and even in other commodities like gold and Steel and copper (used in your wiring I might add) (I will address health care in another post… and you will NOT like what I have to tell you there either).

The ONLY way of getting a better price is to strengthen the dollar… but our past practices in our country have caught up with us and now we have financial troubles with Credit availability (after years of easy credit) and even with interest rates low we are not able to get the benefits of those cheap rates. Yet is we raise interest rates to fight the higher costs (also known as inflation) we will cause greater harm to the overall economy… the government and the Federal Reserve are in quite a conundrum and there is no quick fix to this problem of a stringer dollar… so do NOT anticipate things getting better quickly.

As bad as things are now they will get better based upon what has already happened… and I fear for many Americans with the Winter Heating Season just ahead (yes we are actually almost there and it is only the beginning of summer) as any American who drives to work and makes less than 40,000 per year per household will find themselves financially in the red (to me this is the new Poverty level in the USA). Elderly Americans on fixed incomes will suffer the most and the Cost of Living adjustments are not accurately reflection the actual increase of cost on the average family… and how can they when the supposed US Index for the Average hourly wage is over 17 dollars an hour…. That shows how skewed the Inflation indexes are by the number of “high wage” earners there are in this country… it is, simply, out of control.

In a future post I will give the bad news … I NOW expect oil to reach 250 dollars a barrel by sometime in 2010… unless the dollar gets better fast…. However with the choices for president and the policies I see coming down the road… that may not be able to be done (remember the discussion on Fiscal and Monetary policy and the effects). Hence 5 dollar a gallon gas will be cheap by comparison…

Corn Prices :

When we find other uses for Commodities outside the normal and regular use we create a demand for additional supply of that commodity. Corn, however, has had a double whammy effect. Yes I am talking first about Global Demand… Most of us think of corn as a food product for our table in many different forms…. Many of us forget that beef and chicken and even pork is raised for slaughter through the use of “feed corn” for them to consume to get these products…. Now also remember that farmers have limited amount of land to use… they also want to get the most out of every acre of land they farm… and currently feed corn is a great provider of revenue.

AS we increased the standard of living for impoverished countries like India and China… they consumption patters changed…. Meaning they now eat more of the Meats I described above…. Those meats also require the feed corn to produce. …Hence demand for feed corn went up and farmers produced more feed corn as a result.

The second whammy was the production (and subsidy by our government) of Ethanol. This non-food use for Corn drove the demand beyond the normal supply and demand curve and as we have seen dramatically increased prices… while the effectiveness of using Ethanol is being debated and alternatives are being developed this demand will not come down and prices will remain high.

What has surprised me about this is, that it was not expected by so many people…. Using a food in a way that is not a food product would naturally increase the demand for that product. As a note…. using Sugar Cane for ethanol will also raise food prices… yet the government may be more willing to do this because of the health consequences of sugar (yes gaining weight).

Corn prices are a direct result of GLOBAL DEMAND and the traditional supply and demand pricing but in a global context.

Energy Costs:

Generally we think of energy as the gasoline we put into our cars. This is true but we consume electricity in ever greater quantities then ever before. Heating, Air-conditioning, lighting TV’s Computers… ALL requiring Energy…. Energy is derived from many sources… Nuclear is being touted as a future provider of energy to wean us off of fossil fuels… but the COST to produce which is said to be low… will NOT reflect in lower prices to the Consumer…. The pricing index will show that they will sell this energy at lose to the same price as Coal or Diesel or natural gas plants… this seems to be the case with Hydro electric now. OLD power plants, are increasing prices, because of consumption, they are not lowering them. Yes the prices of oil and Coal have a lot to do with the international (Global) demand… and the prices have been going up dramatically…. So while we like to think we are better off with “alternative Fuels” and Alternative generation facilities” we are kidding ourselves if we think that will reduce our costs by very much at all… Making electricity… the production of power is a business and as such they obligation is to get the highest price for the product as possible. WE are not entitled to lower power costs!

Electricity is a produced commodity from a natural resource commodity…. At least for now.

Post #3 will be about credit, housing prices and maybe the stock market and Global Currencies

If you have been reading these posts… I will eventually get to the part where I make recommendations for the future… but I still need to explain more about where are are and how we got here.

Craig Eisele

Craig’s Diatribe on the USA and Global Economy (# 1)

June 6, 2008

This blog entry is to try and express my viewpoints on the current state of the USA Economy, my predictions for the future and how we are no longer a localized economy but now are part of a GLOBAL economy. It is part one of a series.

Economic models are nothing more than a theory of how things work… while those theories have been fairly accurate on the last 2 or 3, or even 4 decades our understanding of the way in which the USA economy (as well as the global economy), works is in need of revision.

The USA used to be the master of its own destiny… no more!!!

Where to begin?? This could be a complicated entry and I do not want you the reader (especially if you are a novice) to get lost…. So here I go….

Americans, for the most part, have lost their direction over the last 15 or 20 years…. I cannot and will not blame the politicians… although they should share some of the blame… but we as individuals, need to accept responsibility for where we are today (at least mostly). What do I mean by this?? Well we became a society that never foresaw that our spending (consumption) patters were too great. We felt wealthy and even entitled to an ever increasing and higher standard of living. We disregarded the warnings of our grandparents and great parents who lived through the “Great Depression” years.

We did not save! We used our equity on our homes for newer cars, the latest technologies, and what we determined to me our “God Given right” to a vacation and other rewards for working so hard. We failed to save and invest wisely and gambled on stocks and the future value of our homes to be our savior in the years ahead. We thought about the future in lose terms but never really took the risk too seriously. We always believed that our life style would never be reduced but would continue to rise. WELL … If you still believe that you are in for a great shock… as our quality of life and our life style is never going to be the same. We are no longer masters of our own destiny and must now participate in a global society…. And these facts, my friends (and foes) are the mere facts of life today, which we have not yet accepted.

HOW DID WE GET TOM THIS POINT???

That answer is very complicated…. But lets examine some basics:

1 Commodities: There are two types of Commodities. One that we basically get from the earth in raw form and then convert to materials we use in our daily life…. Oil, Coal, Water, Natural Gas, Metals etc…. then there are those the we grow and raise… food stuffs primarily… the most basic being things like corn, wheat and rice…. Basics in almost every countries diet.

Commodities cost money and energy to produce… when we start importing and exporting those commodities then we have a currency exchange…. One country’s money in exchange for another’s for the buying and selling of those commodities. These “prices get higher the more “value” we add to each commodity…. For instance…. Refining oil into lubricants or heating oil and even more personal into plastics and Synthetic fabrics like Polyester and rayon etc.

We add even more value when we change those plastics into use for appliances, electronics, automobiles and so on… combining commodities to make products that end up in homes and offices, and to a lesser extent in factories where they are used to make “end user” products

Simply we as the consumer are at the end of the “value added” chain of events and must pay the final price ….. This does not include the “disposal Price” when we have to get rid of our “old things”.

REMEMBER: Supply and Demand economics is real… but NOT as important in the United States Economy alone… meaning that the Supply and Demand pricing models are now based on World Wide Demand and not just what is demanded in the USA… we ARE a global society now.

The “global economy” comes into play when we realized that much greater profits could be had by using another countries labor to add the value. Clothing was one of the first things that was “outsourced” and the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America: fought hard to keep their jobs from going overseas… but obviously they were no supported very well in their protests.

We then subjected ourselves to the mandates of the WTO (World trade Organization) and had to negotiate trade agreements with various countries to keep the balance of trade in some order. However by doing this we lost more control over our destiny then anyone would imagine even to this day. Simply we cannot protect our own companies or workers that function in the USA because it is now against international law that WE agreed to (OK… this blame goes to the Politicians).

One needs to look only at the stocks that did well the last 6 to 9 months and see that MOST of their profits came from overseas…. More on how this is possible later….

Our thirst for MORE PROFITS, and the false belief that what was good for Wall Street was good for America is seriously being challenged… but it is to late to unwind the situation we now find ourselves… George Sorros calls for a new paradigm… maybe that is where we are already and have now acknowledged it… or at least told the average American.

Now the pressure has been on the Federal Reserve and the US Government to make things better… but they really cannot, and we need to stop thinking they can. These institutions CAN however reduce the amount of FUTURE pain that the average American is feeling.

There is a concern that the pain is now gone from “Wall Street” to “Main Street” with the focus on BUSINESS… but most Americans are now feeing it on “MY STREET” something that is being ignored. Business seems to be what we are most interested in, and for that the average person will continue to bear the brunt of this economic condition we are in… because … if you read above… the CONSUMER is the one who is basically the END USER… WE pay the final price for this.

OK… enough of the basic economics lesson for toady…. Later I will write about where we are and the CURRENT economic Condition that ALL of us need to be aware of… not the HYPE that the TV and other media wants us to see and hear… but realities

After that I will write on what we can do for the FUTURE… how we can survive… not thrive… in the downturn that is here and will continue for some time…. Practice advice that IF I AM WRONG… will never hurt you but only make you better off in the future.

Oil Prices. The Dollar value in the world, an Energy and commodity prices will be discussed. I know people are looking at the stock market after what happened on Friday June 6…. And especially they are looking at OIL PRICES… and there is a lot of attempts to LAY BLAME…. And to say it is speculation… our congress has tried to find a “culprit” to blame… and I firmly believe it is not the “Speculators” it is really because we are in a “GLOBAL ECONOMY” that these prices are raising…. That is why I have decided to write this post… so the average person will understand What has happened, what is going on and Where we are going ….. it is very important to knowing what to do in the future and to see how we are not in control of our destiny as we have been in the past and how we are really a global society now … whether we like it or not… and there is no turning back!!!

Post note: I know that this blog has been used for my promotion of Africa Development…. I am still working on these as well… I have been silent for some time for a variety of reasons… but I have not stopped working on these projects

I have also decide that now that BOTH parties have selected their nomine for President of the United Staes… NEITHER of which can make our lives like they were…. that the time was right to discuss our economy .

Additionally I was going to discuss the Housing Crisis in America and the weakening dollar and what the Federal reserves actions have been….but I do what to do that later… but please remember that the Federal Reserve is in charge of MONETARY POLICY… meaning the banking and Interest rates and to control the growth of our economy . There is considerable discussion taking place as to the Bear Sterns intervention by the FED and if is was a way to intervene in the Financial markets…. which was NOT disctated by their mandate from Congress… they are to be independent politically… but they a have limited authority… CONGRESS and the Executive Branch of Government has the responsibility for FISCAL Policy.. that means raising or lowering taxes and the borrowing of money to finance the government operations.. they can help or hurt the economy of the USA in general by the amount of money and the number of :jobs” they create within government. Sometimes those policies may appear to have a socialistic view point… but that is a discussion for another time…. just remember to keep the FED (Federal Reserve) and the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT as two distinct entities that try to work together and yet should never be able to influence each other in keeping the economy stable… also more on interest rates and why Mortgages are so hard to get today in a later post.

For the accuracy of my predictions I invite you to read my other posts on the US Economy at

http://craigeisele.wordpress.com/2007/12/10/my-predictions-for-2008-for-the-us-economy/

and

http://craigeisele.wordpress.com/2007/12/25/more-2008-predictions-from-craig-eisele/

More 2008 Predictions from Craig Eisele

2009 Predictions can be found at:

http://craigeisele.wordpress.com/2009/01/11/2009-economic-predictions-by-craig-eisele/

The below was written on December 25, 2007 for 2008:

More 2008 Predictions from Craig Eisele:

RETAIL: As I write this the bulls are still either saying it is a good season or hoping that last minute shoppers will make it one. Lets look at this in another way. I have been shopping EVERY weekend from Thanksgiving on… and what I have seen is dismal. This year, I have NEVER had to look for a parking space or needed to walk from the far end of the parking lot… I have seen LESS people in the Mall this year and many many more sales. Sometimes so bad I thought that it was March weekend shopping (meaning low numbers of people). I was extremely unhappy with FoxBusiness TV today when the announcer in a shopping mall was saying that the people were starting to flood in and I barely saw 10 people shopping in a wide-angle shot. Only later did ONE gust on the show tell it like it is… MANY of the retail Companies are having LOWER sales… and those sales that are moving are either in Electronics (lower profit margins) or in SALE merchandise… hence LOWER Profit margins… so even if you see higher sales… which is unlikely… the PROFITS WILL BE LOWER!

Credit Card Evaluation by Moody’s is showing a huge number of defaults in the 90 day ranges… and as those of you with Credit Cards you will know that ONE missed payment can mean a jump to 29 percent annual interest rates or higher. Capital One and Bank of America are shown as being at worse rates and possible doubling since their October numbers in their November reports. This does not bode well for Retail and some say as much as two thirds of our economy is consumer spending driven.

Remember that Saving Rates in the USA are AGAIN Negative (meaning we are spending more than we are making), Homeowners no longer have access to their home equity that they had in the past because of declining values and Credit card companies have been increasing interest rates based on your total credit report meaning that if you take out another credit card or even cancel some credit cards or are late on payment to ANY other creditor you can be hit with high interest rates on your credit card balance.

Because of the new bankruptcy laws these credit cards may still have to be paid off entirely but your interest payment may be stopped…. I predict a change in the Laws by a Democratic Congress to make it easier to have these and Mortgage related debts forgiven to better protect the consumer and to allow for MORE consumer spending fostering a recover in the economy. This does not favor the Financial Companies.

Talking about Financial’s… there is great excitement about foreign funds coming to the rescue of the various Financial Businesses… but what you generally do not hear is the COST of those investment… many are for PREFERRED STOCK…. With GUARANTEED rates of 8 to 12 percent… remember that Preferred Stock Holders are often given their payments before there is dividends to the Common Stock holders… and there are still more write offs to come for many companies.

Personally as I said earlier the “credit” market especially for the consumers will be tight and unless you have stellar credit there is most likely no way you will get a loan or if you do your rates will be high. Even Fanny Mae and Freddie Mac have indicated continued price and value declines through 2008 and MAYBE a slow recovery starting in 2009. When Housing prices do go up (and some analysts and pundits say the opposite of me here) the price increase will be slow because of the Credit requirements that will have to be slowly reduced as well as many people who will be wary of a repeat of the last 2 years and finding out that it is actually CHEAPER to Rent a home than to own it and risk their equity on another potential downturn. And for Zero Down Mortgages.. forget it… those days better be over!!

Simply ALL of those rosy predictions of a good 2008 are for the benefit of companies who want to keep your money in stocks without regard to the real possibility that this economy is in for a rocky 2008.

Recession: Do not expect to be told that this economy is in a recession until it is either extremely sever or until there is a reversal of the current trend, at which time you will be told that we WERE in a Recession. The “powers” behind the Financial information as well as the Government does not believe you are rational human beings capable of knowing the truth until after the fact. They are afraid you will panic and that is not good for business. Right or wrong that seems to be the way the general population of the United States is treated.

I stand by my predictions in the previous post, for the Euro vs. Dollar exchange and the price of Oil for 2008.

Craig Eisele

Africa’s Equity Markets

Africa Has Functioning Equity Markets

The Voice (Francistown)
NEWS
27 November 2007
Posted to the web 27 November 2007

By Chedza Simon

Sub Saharan Africa is said to be having excellent and functioning equity markets, which are an added and competitive advantage to investor confidence for the continent.

Stephen Jennings, CEO of the Renaissance Group said while doubters, investors and African continent observers claim that high commodity prices are alone propping up Africa’s economic vitality, the continent has exciting and functioning equity markets.

“Prior to1989, there were only five (5) stock markets in Sub Sahara Africa. Today there are 16 countries with fully operational bourses. These exchanges have seen a dramatic growth in market capitalisation rising from $14,5 billion in 2002 to nearly $100 billion now, a compound annual growth of nearly 50 percent,” he said.

Jennings said while liquidity is still limited, it is increasingly rapid. According to his company’s finds, equity turnover in Sub Sahara Africa year to-date is $15,7 billion, a two-fold increase from all of 2006. “Thriving stock markets and robust capital markets officer considerable benefits. They prompt more robust financial disclosure, improved corporate governance, a focus on shareholding rights and regulatory best practices. They boost domestic savings and they increase the quantity and quality of investment and investors.”

Renaissance Group was, this year, involved in two landmark $300million equity capital markets transactions, one for Access Bank and the other for Union Bank. There is at least $1 billion offering in the wings for early next year, said Jennings.

Domestic demands and investment are key drivers in Sub Sahara Africa’s economic expansion. “There are pent up savings in both government and the private sector which when put to work will further increase the speed of economic growth of Africa. Many governments have saved rather than spent their commodity and debt relief windfalls. Companies are also ready to increase borrowing because the cost of debt has fallen below expected rates of return.”

For economies to prosper, Jennings said, there is need to foster sustainable domestic private sector. He is confident that for Sub Sahara Africa to prospect, governments need to accelerate enactment of legislation and developing regulatory regimes to reduce the cost and barriers of doing business in Sub Sahara Africa. “Land ownership and reforms is one very important case which is crucial to creating a strong and flourishing domestic private sector. Lowering and creating a level playing field for foreign investors is also necessary because the participation of foreign investors in the region’s capital markets will drive valuation to international levels,” said Jennings.

Rising Foreign Interest to Spur African Capital Markets

Rising Foreign Interest to Spur Capital Markets

Business Daily (Nairobi)
NEWS
15 November 2007
Posted to the web 15 November 2007

By Steve Mbogo

Capital markets in Africa are set to grow faster next year buoyed by new listings and growing interest from foreign investors.

The markets are expected to harness more than the Sh700 billion, which was invested in sub-Saharan African capital markets last year, according to research done by African Development Bank official, Ada Osakwe.

For the growth to be accelerated, however, market players who met in Ghana by the end of October for the 11th Africa Stock Exchanges Association Conference, say more needs to be done, including pension funds playing an institutional investors role in the continent.

Creating a strong Africa domiciled investment banking industry is another essential factor to ensure capital market rewards stay in Africa. The bond market is seen growing as more countries acquire sovereign credit ratings and float debt instruments.

Eighteen countries across the continent have got a sovereign issuer rating from at least one International Credit Ratings Agency.

In the equities markets, increasing local private and institutional participation and new issues have improved liquidity significantly, says Mr Ken Ofori-Atta, the executive chairman of Databank Financial Services.

The value of trade within the stock market outside South Africa has risen consistently from just Sh140 billion five years ago to Sh3.2 trillion last year. Mr Offori-Atta, however, says liquidity remains a big risk in Africa due to small floats and the small size of many listed equities.

Another positive trend is that stock valuations have gone up from single earning multiples a few years ago to an average of 17.4 times currently reflecting declining risk in Africa and higher growth prospects. Additionally, market capitalisation outside South Africa has risen from Sh3.3 trillion five years ago to Sh33.5 trillion currently.

The growth is boosted by strong economic recovery and improving political stability that has increased global appetite for African assets. Trends also indicate that new public equity pan-African fund managers are springing up alongside the traditional managers, an indicator of potential growth.

Growth could also be steered by the expected issuance of sovereign bonds by Kenya and Nigeria between now and next year.

The two countries are taking the cue from Ghana, which became the first sub-Saharan African country to issue a sovereign bond. Its offer of Sh35 billion in international capital markets attracted nearly seven times over, forcing it to take Sh52 billion.

The successful sale of Global Depository Receipt (GDR) by Nigerian banks on the London Stock Exchange has also opened a new window of financing for African companies.

GDRs are financial instruments used by private markets to raise money in either dollars or euros. They are used by companies from emerging markets and are traded independently of existing shares.

Mr Ofori-Atta also recommends that the continent should try to innovate how mobile phones can be used to help the rural population to participate in the capital markets.

Suntra Investment Bank managing director, James Murigu, says one of the biggest obstacles to smooth growth of capital markets in Africa has been the dominance of commercial banks as source of all types of financing.

“This is slowly changing across African capital markets as players start seeing the significance of the capital markets as an alternative source of long term financing.”

In countries like Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, SA, Egypt, Ghana, and Botswana, more and more non-commercial bank investors are investing in the stock market.

To maintain the interest in the capital markets, players are calling for governments to maintain low and stable interest rates, low level of inflation, and stable and sustainable exchange rates.